高速公路爬坡路段交通事故特征分析

Characteristics Analysis of Traffic Accidents on Climbing Sections of Expressway

作为交通事故易发路段,高速公路爬坡路段的交通安全问题已引起广泛关注。以宁杭高速公路东庐山段为例,通过对该爬坡路段2006年1月～2010年7月的交通事故资料的统计,从事故地点、事故时段、事故形态和事故车型等方面分析了爬坡路段交通事故的主要特征。研究发现:高速公路爬坡路段发生交通事故的风险要远大于下坡及其他路段;事故多发生在直坡段的中后部和竖曲线段,坡道后段的安全性更低;事故形态主要是追尾、撞护栏和撞固定物,而且重特大交通事故中追尾事故比例大;夜间的事故率和严重程度高于白天,尤其是凌晨2:00～6:00为重特大交通事故高发期;爬坡路段大货车和小客车相互干扰严重,是爬坡路段交通事故的主要车型。研究结果可为高速公路爬坡路段交通安全的改善提供依据。

As a traffic accident-prone sections, the traffic safety problem of expressway climbing sec-tions has aroused extensive concern. Based on traffic accident statistics during January, 2006 to July, 2010 of East Lushan Segment of Nanjing-Hangzhou Expressway, the characteristics of traffic accident on clim-bing sections are analyzed from the view of accident site, accident period, accident forms and accident vehicle types. The study shows that the expressway chmbmg sections are more prune Lu Lla~ than the downhill and the other sections. Accident always occurred in the middle and rear part of straight slope section and vertical curve segment. The accident forms is mainly rear-end and hitting guardrail or fix-tures. It is worth mentioning that a large proportion of major traffic accidents are also rear-end. Accident rate and severity of accidents of the night are larger than that of the day. It is prone to have accident espe- cially early in the morning from 2：00 to 6：00. Large trucks and small passenger cars which interference mutually are the main bodies of traffic accidents on expressway climbing sections. The results provide a basis for the improvement of traffic safety on expressway climbing sections.