苹果梨园土壤肥力的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Apple-Pear Orchards

[目的]通过对延边地区苹果梨园土壤肥力综合评价,为苹果梨园合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]应用主成分分析法及田间调查,对延边地区苹果梨园土壤肥力进行综合评价。[结果]延边地区苹果梨园土壤有机质、速效肥料为第一主成分,其贡献率达到43.13%;通过综合评价分类后,优等果园土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量显著高于中等果园,中等果园显著高于低等果园。[结论]延边地区苹果梨园要重视果园土壤管理,重施有机肥,增施氮、磷、钾肥,为果树高产、稳产、优质奠定基础。

[Objective] Soil fertility was evaluated comprehensively in the apple-pear orchards of Yanbian area to provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization in apple-pear orchards.[Metheod] Soil fertility of apple-pear orchards in Yanbian area were evaluated comprehensively by principal component analysis and field survey.[Result]The first principal component was organic matter and available fertilizer,and the contribution rate was 43.13%.Through the comprehensive evaluation and classification,content of soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium in the high orchards was higher in the middling orchards,and it in the middling orchards was higher than that in the low orchards.[Conclusion] Attention should be paid to the orchard soil management in the apple-pear orchards in Yanbian area.The foundation for high and stable yield,high quality fruit should be laid by increasing heavily organic fertilizer,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizer.