博斯腾湖小湖面积动态变化及驱动力研究

Study on the Dynamic Changes of Small Lakes of Bosten Lake and Its Drivers

基于3S技术,利用博斯腾湖小湖区1976、1990、2002与2009年卫星遥感资料,分析了近30多年来博斯腾湖小湖面积变化规律及其驱动机理。结果表明,近30多年来博斯腾湖小湖水域面积呈波动性变化趋势。小湖水域面积从1990年的2 385.58 hm2扩张到2002年的3 138.12 hm2,又从2002年的3 138.12 hm2减小到2009年的2 413.53 hm2,总体上呈现萎缩的趋势。研究区景观多样性、均匀度、优势度、景观分离度呈先增加后减小趋势,说明景观破碎化程度有加深趋势。气温的升高与降水量的增大是博斯腾湖小湖湖泊水域面积扩大的主要原因。从土地利用转移矩阵可知,人类活动对湖泊的作用开始加强。

By using remote sensing data in 1976,1990,2002 and 2009,based on 3S technology,the area variation law and its driving factors of small lakes in Bosten Lake for nearly 30 years were analyzed.The results showed that the water area of small Lake in Bosten Lake has been fluctuating over the past 30 years,while the water area of the small lake expanded from 2 385.58 hm2 in 1990 to 3 138.12 hm2 in 2002,decreased from 3 138.12 hm2 in 2002 to 2 413.53 hm2 in 2009.The landscape diversity,evenness,dominance,landscape isolation of study area was increased at first and then decreased,indicated the increasing trend of landscape fragmentation.The increase of temperatures and precipitation is the main reason of the expansion of the waters area of small lake in Bosten Lake.It can be concluded from the land use transition matrixes that effect of human activities on the lake began to strengthen.