NC/Al纳米复合含能材料的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of NC/Al Nano-composite Energetic Materials

采用溶胶-凝胶法和超临界二氧化碳干燥法制备了硝化棉/铝粉(NC/Al)纳米复合材料,并通过红外光谱、比表面积、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及差示扫描量热(DSC)等分析方法对复合材料进行了表征。研究结果表明:纳米铝粉与NC气凝胶骨架成功复合;复合材料为平均孔径在20～50nm之间的介孔材料,纳米铝粉在凝胶中均匀分散;NC/Al纳米复合材料的比表面积随铝粉添加量增加而下降;复合材料中纳米铝粉与硝化棉质量比为5:10时,NC组分分解热由空白NC气凝胶的1689.21J·g-1提高至2408.07J·g-1。

In order to utilize the full potentials of the existing energetic materials, nitrocellulose/Al （NC/Al） nano-composite mate- rials were prepared through sol-gel and supercritical carbon dioxide drying methods. The structures of nano-composite materials were characterized by FTIR, BET, SEM and DSC methods. Experimental results show that the nano-composite materials belong to mesoporous material and the nano-aluminum powders is well-distributed in the gel matrix. The specific surface area of the material decreases with the Al powders content increasing. When Al： NC （mass ratio） equals to 5： 10, the decomposition heat per unit mass of NC component increases to 2408.07 J . g^-1 from 1689.21 J . g^-1