尖峰岭自然保护区水质情况调查与评价

Investigation and Evaluation of Water Quality in Jianfengling Natural Reserve

为及时准确掌握保护区水系水质现状,进而采取有效的环境保护措施,确保保护区的旅游开发和生态环境保护协调发展,对尖峰岭自然保护区水质状况进行了分析,并利用单项水质评价法和综合指数法对其进行了评价。结果表明:尖峰岭自然保护区水体呈弱酸性,重金属元素基本未检出。保护区水域的大部分水质达地表水II～III级标准,水质较差,各区域污染情况依次为天池区>保护站区>雨林谷区>避暑山庄区。其中,4个区域的五日生化需氧量均符合I级标准;细菌总数及粪大肠菌群数均不符合国家生活饮用水卫生标准;天池区总磷含量超过V级标准,总氮含量达II～III级标准;保护站区总磷和总氮含量均达II～III级标准;雨林谷区及避暑山庄区的总磷达III～IV级标准,总氮含量符合II级标准。总磷和总氮是影响尖峰岭自然保护区水体环境的主要因素,已经对环境造成不利影响。

In order to timely and accurately grasp the reserve water quality status of protected areas, and then take effective environmental protection measures to ensure the coordinated development of tourism development and protection of the ecological environment of the protected areas. Water quality of Jianfengling Natural Reserve was researched and single factor index and comprehensive index were used to assess the quality. The results showed that the water was faintly acid, the contents of heavy metals were very little. Most of the reserve＇s water quality standards reached the quality assessment standards （GB3828- 2002） between the second-class and the third-class surface water, the water quality of Jianfengling Natural Reserve was poor. Regional pollution degree was Tianchi area〉 Protection Station area〉Rainforest valley area〉Summer resort area. The five days biochemistry oxygen demand （BOD5） of the four areas were conformed to first-class standard; Total number of fecal coliforms and bacteria were not couple with the national standard life sanitary standard for drinking water; Tianchi area＇s total phosphorus（TP） content was more than the fifth-class standard, total nitrogen（TN） was between the second-class and third-class standard; Protection Station area＇s TP and TN content were between the second-class and third-class standard; Rainforest valley area and Summer resort area＇s TP content was between the third-class and fourth-class standard. TP and TN were the main influencing factors, which had adverse effects on the environment.