羧甲基淀粉的合成及其在印花糊料中的应用

Synthesis of carboxymethyl starch and its application in the printing paste

以玉米淀粉和氯乙酸为主要原料,以乙醇为介质,采用有机溶剂的分步加碱法自制羧甲基淀粉(CMS).全面考察原料配比、水用量、反应时间、反应温度等各种工艺条件对羧甲基淀粉(CMS)取代度和黏度等理化性能的影响.确定了合成改性淀粉的最佳工艺参数,即乙醇浓度97%,氯乙酸与淀粉的摩尔比为1.25,氢氧化钠与淀粉的摩尔比为2.8,碱化温度37℃,碱化时间1h,醚化温度65℃,醚化时间4.3h.在最佳条件下制备的羧甲基淀粉的取代度为0.88,质量分数为4%的原糊黏度为6 650mPa.s.通过对羧甲基淀粉(CMS)黏度、流变性、印花得色量和脱糊率等理化性能和印花效果的测试,发现其作为活性染料印花糊料具有假塑性好、稳定性高的优势,可以在某种程度上取代海藻酸钠.

In the subject, corn starch and chloroacetic acid are main raw materials, ethanol is organic solvents,carboxymethyl starch （CMS） is synthesited by mix in alkaline step by step. Take the viscosity and substitution degree of the CMS as indicator, the ration of materials, water consumption, reaction time, reaction temperature and other process conditions were studied to determine the optimum process parameters and experimental program. Optimal experimental conditions are as follows： ethanol concentration is 97~, chloroacetic acid and starch molar ratio is 1.25, sodium hydroxide and starch molar ratio is 2.8, alkalization temperature is 37℃, alkalization time is l h, alkalization temperature is 65℃ ,alkalization time is 4.3h. Under the optimum conditions, the substitution degree of parepared carboxymethyl starch is 0. 88, paste whose mass fraction is 4%,viscosity is 6 650 mPa · s. Through the physical and chemical properties test and the printing effects test such as viscosity, rheology, printing color yield and de-paste rate,it is found that CMS as reactive printing have the advantage of strong pseudoplastic,high stability, so it could replace alginate partially.