试论网络民意与公共决策的关系

On the Relationship Between Network Public Opinion and Public Decision-making

网络民意对公共决策不仅有积极作用也有消极影响,如提升公民参与公共决策的可能性、增加普通民众直接干预公共决策时效性、扩大公共决策的民意基础,同时也影响公共决策议程的建立以及公共决策的科学性、合理性、可操作性。具体来说它们之间存在四对矛盾:渐进性与突发性、自上而下与自下而上、双方主体的合法性以及理性化与非理性化之间的矛盾。通过尊重网民言论自由,主动公开网络信息,净化网络环境,倡导网民自律,有意识地引导网民参与,释放"决策气球",扩大公民参与,以现实民意带动网络民意的规范性,建立健全民意调查机制,以此来达到网络民意与公共决策的"双赢"。

Network public opinion not only have a positive role in public decision-making also has a negative im- pact, such as raising the possibility of citizen to participate in public decision-making, and increasing the timeliness for public direct intervention in the public decision-making, and strengthening legitimacy of public decision-making, it also affect the establishment of a public policy agenda, the science, rationality, and operability of public deci- sion-making. Specifically, among them there are four pairs of contradictions： gradual and sudden, top-down and bot- tom-up, the legitimacy of both parties as well as rational and non-rational. So it should respect the netizens＇ freedom of speech, take the initiative to open the network information, and purify the internet environment; advocate netizens self-discipline, guide internet users to participate, release ＂decision-making balloon＂; expand citizen participation, driven specification of network public opinion to the reality of public opinion; establish and improve the public opin- ion survey mechanism to achieve a ＂win-win＂ between network oublic oninion and public decision-making.