山东省三地区彩民心理健康状况分析

Analysis on the mental health status of the lottery buyers in three regions of Shandong province

目的了解山东省彩民的心理现状及影响因素。方法运用自制筛查量表和SCL-90作为工具对随机抽取的山东省三地区彩民进行调查研究,共计发放问卷1 160份,回收有效问卷1 142份;所有数据用SPSS11.5for windows统计软件包进行处理分析。结果山东省彩民有32.0%的人存在不同程度的心理健康问题,其中5.1%符合DSM-Ⅳ关于病理性赌博的标准。与全国常模比较,我省彩民SCL-90总分及大部分因子分较高(P<0.05);与同期正常对照人群相比,彩民SCL-90躯体化因子分、焦虑因子分、精神病性因子分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。不同地区彩民的心理健康状况存在显著差异(P<0.05);已发展为病理性赌博彩民较普通彩民心理健康状况差,差异有统计学意义。以SCL-90总分为因变量,发大财、购彩失控、想翻本、整天只想与彩票有关的事情、做事情想立即见到成效、急需用钱、借钱购彩、因买彩票花钱过多与家人争吵、性格易冲动发怒等自变量进入Logistical回归方程。结论我省彩民32.0%存在心理问题,且存在显著的地区差异性;其中5.1%的彩民成为病理性赌博者。我省彩民心理问题主要表现在强迫、抑郁、人际关系敏感、焦虑等方面。发大财、购彩失控、想翻本、整天只想与彩票有关的事情、做事情想立即见到成效、急需用钱、借钱购彩、因买彩票花钱过多与家人争吵、容易冲动发怒等是影响彩民心理健康主要因素。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of lottery buyers. Methods 1160 lottery ticket buyers selected randomly in 3 regions of Shandong province were investigated with self-designed screening questionnaire and Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90）. 1142 valid questionnaires were retrieved. The data was analyzed with SPSSll. 5 for windows. Results The prevalence of psychological problems in Shandong lottery buyers accounted for 32%, in which 5.1% of the sample was found to meet with the diagnostic criteria of pathological gambling （PG） in DSM-IV. Total score and most factor scores of SCL-90 in Shandong lottery buyers were significantly higher than national norm （P 〈 0.05）. Factor scores of somatization, anxiety and psychosis of SCL-90 in lottery buyers were significantly higher than those in healthy controls （P 〈 0.05 ）. There were significant differences among lottery buyers in different regions （P 〈 0.05 ）. The mental health status in lottery buyers with PG was significantly worse than that in ordinary lottery buyers. The multi-factor analysis showed that when total score of SCL-90 were defined as dependent variable, some independent variable entered the Logistic regression equation such as eagering for a big fortune, out of control, regaining the capital, concerning about the lottery excessively, eagering for instant benefit, being short of mongey , borrowing money to buy lottery, conflicting with family members for lottery buying and being impulsive or bad-tempered. Conclusion 32.0% of lottery buyers in Shandong province have psychological problems, in which the prevalence of PG is 5.1%. The psychological problems mainly consist of obsession-compulsion, depression, bad interpersonal relationship, anxiety and so on. The influencing factors of mental health status of lottery buyers consist of eagering for a big fortune, out of control, regaining the capital, concerning about the lottery excessively, eagering for instant benefit, being short of mongey, borrowing money to buy lottery, conflicting with family members for lottery buying and being impulsive or bad -tempered.