柳树杂种及无性系耐水性遗传变异的研究

Study on genetic variation of tolerance to water stress of willow hybrids and clones

利用插条水培的方法研究了柳树种间杂种及柳属与钻天柳属属间杂种 55个无性系淹水死亡时间的遗传变异情况 ,及其与插条状况、插条生根性状和插条新梢生长性状间的相关关系。柳树杂种无性系间 ,在淹水死亡时间等 12个性状上均存在极显著 (α =0 0 1)差异 ;被研究群体的 12个性状的广义遗传力达到 0 30 2～ 0 995;遗传变异系数为 7 13%～ 78 14 % ;淹水死亡时间的平均值为 33～ 6 4 6d ,遗传变异系数为 7 13% ,广义遗传力为 0 6 15,柳树杂种间和无性系间淹水死亡时间存在显著差异 ,垂柳耐水时间最长 ,白柳最短 ;淹水死亡时间与插条干重率、新梢干重、生根数量和根系干重有显著的相关关系 ,遗传相关系数达到 0 340～ 0 44 5。

Cuttings surviving time(ST) and the correlation among ST,rooting,shooting and cutting characters were studied based on culturing tested cuttings in water.The cuttings were from 55 clones of Salix babylonica,S.alba, interspecific hybrids of S.matsudana × S.alba,S.matsudana×S.babylonica,S.babylonica×S.abla(S.babylonica×S.alba)×S.matsudana(S.matsudana×Chosenia arbutifolia)×S.matsudana, and intraspecific hybrids of S.matsudana. The average values of ST ranged from 33 days to 64 6 days.The ST differences were significant among hybrids as well as clones.The cuttings of S.babylonica had the longest ST;those of S.alba had the shortest one,and the other hybrids between them.The ST heritability in broad sense was h 2= 0 615,and the genetic variation coefficient was ( GVC )7 13%.The correlative analysis revealed that ST had significant correlation with dry weight of new shoot,dry weight of root,total number of root and the rate of dry weight and fresh weight of cuttings.Their genetic correlation coefficients varied from 0 308 to 0 445