骨质疏松症对脊柱小关节退变的影响

Effect of osteoporosis on the degeneration of spinal facet joints

骨质疏松症(OP)以骨量减少和骨的微细结构破坏为主要特征,并伴随骨质脆性增加和骨折危险性升高。由于骨的结构破坏,可引发脊柱退行性变,使椎体高度丢失应力改变及使人体成骨、破骨细胞代谢紊乱,发生脊柱尤其是腰椎小关节退变。但由骨质疏松症引起脊柱小关节退变尤其是腰椎小关节退变原因发病机制文献报道较少,目前认为骨质疏松对脊柱小关节退变与成骨,破骨细胞代谢影响,及发生椎体内微骨折,改变椎体高度及软骨下骨血供应微环境,增加小关节应力,减少其血供营养有关。

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by bone mass loss and bone subtle structural damage, accompanied with increased bone fragility and fracture risk. Spinal degeneration can be induced by the destruction of bone structure, subsequently leading to loss of vertebral body height, the change of stress, the metabolic disorder of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and finally the degeneration of the spine especially the lumbar vertebral facet joints. Reports about the mechanism of osteoporosis leading to the degeneration of the spinal facet joints especially the lumbar vertebral facet joints are rare. Currently, osteoporosis is thought to have effect on the degeneration and ossification of the spinal facet joints, the metabolism of osteoelasts, the occurrence of vertebral micro-fractures, the change of vertebral body height and the subchondral blood supply micro-environment, the increase of stress in facet joints, and the reduction of blood and nutrition supply.