中山市妇女乳腺疾病检出率城乡对比分析

The Analysis About Comparing the Detection Rate of Breast Disease Among Women in Zhongshan City Between Urban and Rural Areas

目的探讨乳腺疾病检出率在中山市城乡间的差异。方法以乳腺触诊结合便携式高频B超对乳腺疾病进行筛查,评级为0级、3级、4级和5级者进一步检查,必要时活检。结果⑴实查率城区为125.79%,农村为94.31%。⑵0级率城区为0.95%,农村为1.98%;3级率城区为8.70%,农村为7.17%;4级率城区为1.38%,农村为0.76%;5级率城区为0.06%,农村为0.02%。⑶乳腺癌前病变检出率城区为0,农村为22.10/10万;乳腺癌检出率城市为33.35/10万,农村为58.92/10万;活检率城市为0.06%,农村为0.33%。⑷实查率、0级率、3级率、4级率及活检率城乡之间比较检出率及P值均<0.05;5级率、乳腺癌前病变检出率及乳腺癌检出率城乡之间比较,P值均>0.05。结论⑴乳腺疾病实查率城市明显高于农村,提示应加大对农村妇女健康教育的力度,提高妇女自我保健意识。⑵3级、4级的疾病检出率城市较农村高,应建立妇女乳腺病随访档案。⑶提高农村医护人员乳腺疾病的诊治水平,降低乳腺活检率。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the differences about detection rate of breast disease between urban and rural in Zhangshan City. METHODS Palpation of mammary gland and portable high-frequency type B ultrasound were used for general investigation of breast disease. If the rating is 0, 3, 4, 5, the women should be examined further, and if it is necessary, the biopsy should be used. RESULTS （1）Actual inspection rate was 125.79% in city , 94.31% in rural. （2）The rate of 0 level was 0.95% in city, 1.98% in rural. The rate of 3 level was 8.70% in city, 7.17% in rural. The rate of 4 level was 1.38% in city, 0.76% in rural. The rate of 5 level was 0.06% in city, 0.02% in rural. （3）The detection rate about precancerous lesions of breast cancer was 0 in city, 22.10/100 000 in rural. The detection rate of breast cancer was 33.35/100 000 in city, 58.92/100 000 in rural. The rate of biopsy was 0.06% in cityl 0.33% in rural. （4）The city compared with rural about the actual inspection rate, the rate of 0 level, 3 level and 4 level, there were significant （P〈0.05）. The city compared with rural about the rate of 5 level, the detection rate of breat cancer and precancerous lesions, there were no significant（P〉0.05）. CONCLUSIONS （1）Actual inspection rate was significantly higher in city than in rural, we should increase rural women＇s health education and make efforts to raise the awareness of women＇s self-care in rural. （2）The detection rate of the 3 and 4 level was higher in city than in rural, we should establish the breast disease follow-up file. （3）Rural health careworkers should improve the level of diagnosis and treatment about breast disease, and reduce the rate of breast biopsy.