美洲斑潜蝇在豇豆上发生为害规律及药剂防治技术研究

Studies on the occurrence on cowpea and the control with insecticides of Liromyza sativae Blanchard

本研究较系统地调查、考查了美洲斑潜蝇在豇豆上的生物学特性及发生为害规律 ;初步明确此虫在南宁豇豆上一年可发生 1 0～ 1 2代 ,世代历期 1 6～ 2 2 d;此虫从 3月开始为害春植豇豆苗 ,至 1 2月初仍可为害秋植的残留豆株 ,在田间豇豆株上的种群密度以 9～ 1 0月间最大 ;豇豆苗期前期及结荚后期受此虫为害较重 ,秋植豆受害较春夏植豆重。常见的豇豆品种均受此虫为害 ,但“美国冠军豆”品种受害相对较轻 ;与豇豆不同属的“四棱豆”对此虫具高抗性。多种药剂对此虫都有一定的防效 ,但虫螨克、赛波凯两种杀虫剂防效较好。本研究结果为制定此虫在豇豆上为害的防治策略及药剂防治措施提供了依据。

The bionomics and population dynamic of Liromyza sativae Blanchard on cowpea were investigated in Nanning during 1996～1998. It was found that L. sativae had 10～12 generations a year on cowpea and the life cycle of the pest took 16～22 days, varying with the seasons. The pests damaged the seedling of spring cowpeas start from March,and it was still found the damage of the pest on autumn cowpeas in early November. The most population density of the pest on cowpeas in field occurred during September to October. Cowpeas were seriously damaged by the pest in the new seedling stage and the later pod stage. Autumn cowpeas were more serious damaged than spring and summer cowpeas.Nearly all the cultivars of cowpea could be damaged by the pest, but the cowpea named “U. S. Champion” had more resistance to the pest and the bean Psophocarpus tetolagonolobus which was different from cowpea genus had highly resistance to the pest. The field trial results showed that Abamectin and Cyperkill were effective insecticides against the pest. The research results provided the basis to make decision for controlling the pest on cowpeas.