开放式管理对住院慢性精神分裂症患者医院内感染的影响

Effect of open management on the hospital infection among chronic schizophrenics

目的了解实施开放式管理对住院慢性精神分裂症患者院内感染的影响。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心2006年1月至2010年12月住院的慢性精神分裂症患者的一般资料，查阅实施开放式及封闭管理患者的原始病历记录各200例，对其发生医院感染的情况进行统计分析。结果2006年采用开放式管理的慢性精神分裂症患者院内感染率（7%）低于封闭式管理的患者（12.5%），差异无统计学意义（χ2=3.438，P=0.064）;两组患者2007—2010年院内感染率比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为8.619，11.458，9.911，8.842；P〈0.05）。从感染部位的分布情况比较，采用封闭式管理的患者呼吸道感染率明显高于开放式管理患者，此5年间两者呼吸道感染率的比较差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为5.163，6.081，6.383，5.530，7.063；P〈0.05）。结论实施开放式管理可有效降低住院慢性精神分裂症患者医院内感染的发生。

Objective To study the effect of open management on the hospital infective among chronic schizophrenics. Methods Retrospective analysis was used, the data of 200 patients in opening management group and 200 patients in closing management group between 2006 and 2010 from Shanhai Mental Health Center were analyzed. Results No significant difference of hospital infection rate was found between opening group and closing group in 2006 （ χ2 = 3. 438, P = 0. 064 ）. But the difference between the two groups from 2007 year to 2010 year was statistically significant （χ2 = 8. 619,11. 458,9. 911,8. 842; P 〈 0.05 ）. As for the distribution of infective parts, the proportion of respiratory tract infection in closing group was significantly higher than that in opening group, and the difference was statistically significant during the five years between the two groups （χ2 = 5. 163,6.081,6. 383,5. 530,7. 063 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The open-management might effectively decrease the hospital infection among chronic schizophrenics.