精神科呼吸道感染高发原因分析与对策

Cause and for high incidence of respiratory infectious in psychiatric ward

目的分析精神科呼吸道感染率高发的原因，为医院感染的管理工作提供资料与依据。方法对2010年5月至2011年4月入住无锡市精神卫生中心的2556例精神病患者的资料进行回顾性调查，统计住院期间呼吸道感染的发生率并分析其影响因素。结果本组患者呼吸道感染发生率为7.21%，占院内感染的57.35%。呼吸道感染与患者年龄、病种、病程、住院周期、管理模式、发生时间、合并躯体疾病、抗菌药物的使用相关（r=0.14～0.75；P〈0.05）。结论精神科呼吸道院内感染高发与多因素有关，加强对相关因素控制是预防医院感染的关键。

Objective To explore the reason of high incidence of respiratory infections in psychiatric so as to provide the material and basis for the management of hospital infection. Methods Totals of 2 556 cases of mental patients in the psychiatric of Wuxi Mental Health Center during May 2010 and April 2011 were retrospectively surveyed, then a statistical analysis was performed. Results Incidence of respiratory tract infections was 7. 21% accounting for 57. 35% of nosocomial infection. Respiratory tract infections was significantly related to the age （ r = 0.62, 0.54 ）, diseases （ r = 0.75, 0.74 ）, duration （ r = 0.75, 0.62 ）, length of hospitalization （ r = 0.83 ）, management model （ r = 0.62, 0.74 ）, occurring time （ r = 0.83, 0.75 ）, body disease complication （r = 0. 83, 0. 75 ）, the use of antibacterial drugs （r = 0. 62, 0. 74）. Conclusions Respiratory nosocomial infection is related to multiple factors, so strengthening the controlling of the related factors is crucial to the prevention of nosocomial infection.