行政许可的概念与性质略谈——与郭道晖先生共同探讨

A Brief Study of the Concept and Characteristics of Administrative License : Discussions with Mr. Guo Daohui

行政许可应界定为 :基于当事人的申请 ,行政主体经过对申请的审查而决定是否准许所申请的活动 (或从事某种活动的资格 )的行政行为 ,这一概念的关键在于把握 :审查申请人是否具备从事某项活动的法定条件以及相应地是否予以批准。在性质上 ,行政许可并不只是人们一般所理解的单一性 ,或“特权”、或“赋权”、或“解禁”、或“确认” ,而是具有核准。

Administrative license should be defined as the administrative act where the administrative body decides after examination whether the activity applied for (or the qualifications for the activity) should be approved. It is essential that the applicant must meet with the legal requirements for the activity before approval is given or denied. AL is not a univocal concept, as people normally understand it,“privilege”,“empowering”,“ban lifting”or“confirmation”;it is a plurality of ratification, constraint and beneficiality.