芬兰发展新兴产业的经验及其启示

Finland＇s Experiences and Enlightenments in the Development of Strategic Emerging Industries

芬兰依靠发展新兴产业，成为全球最具经济竞争力的创新型国家之一。借助其经济地理条件，芬兰有所选择地对通信产业、软件产业、新能源与风能、现代生物产业和节能产业这些新兴产业进行培育和发展，并取得了良好的产业发展成效。挑选一些新兴产业加以重点发展，这是芬兰发展新兴产业的经验。在发展新兴产业当中，芬兰的主要做法是：建立国家科技创新系统、构建发展新兴产业的发展载体（国家科技创新战略中心、科学园以及FinNode）、构建专业产业集群。芬兰给我国发展战略性新兴产业提供3个方面的启示：一是不断推进传统产业升级；二是在国际产业转移中要避免锁定于产业低端；三是合理布局专业化产业园区。

Finland relies on the development of new industries, and becomes one of the world＇s most economic innovative competitiveness. With its economic and geographical conditions, Finland chooses emerging industries such as communications industry, software industry, new energy and wind energy, modern biotechnology industry and energy industry for nurturing and developing, and obtains good industrial development effectiveness. Pick some new industries to focus on the development, which is the experience of the development of new industries in Finland. In the development of new industries, the practice of Finland are follows： the establishment of a national innovation system, and to build the development carrier of new industries （National Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Center, Science Park, and FinNode）, and to build professional industrial clusters. From Finland, inspirations for China＇s development of strategic emerging industries revelation are three aspects： first, to continue to promote the upgrading of traditional industries, second, to avoid locking in industrial low-end in the international industrial transfer, third, to form a rational distribution of specialized industrial parks.