政府和高校责任视域下的大学生待就业成因及解决路径

The Reason and the Solution of the Phenomenon of Job-waiting for College Students:from the Perspective of the Responsibility of the Government and Universities

大学生待就业问题由多种因素造成。高等教育规模持续扩大造成大学生就业总量上的待业,经济增长提供适合大学生就业岗位不足和高校人才培养不适应经济社会发展需求造成的结构性待业,劳动力市场供需信息不对称造成的磨擦性待业,社会保障体系不健全、劳动力市场分割以及大学生就业期望不合理造成的自愿性待业。促进待业大学生就业是一个复杂的系统工程,需要政府、高校、社会和毕业生自身四方的协同,但政府和高校应有更多的责任担当。

The phenomenon of job-waiting for college students is due to a wide range of factors.The constant expansion of higher education results in the total unemployment of college students.Economic growth offers not enough jobs for students;meanwhile,the college personnel training does not meet the economic and social development,causing the structural unemployment.The labor market does not conform to the supply and demand information,leading to the cyclical unemployment.And the voluntary unemployment results from the labor market segmentation,unperfect social security system and unreasonable college students＇ employment expectation.It is a complex system to promote the employment of college students.It needs the cooperation of the government,colleges,the society and graduates,among which the government and colleges should have more responsibilities.