从《英话注解》到《帝国英文读本》--清末自编英语教科书之兴起

From The Explanation of English to Empire English Readers——Research on the Rising of English Textbooks in Late Qing

英语教科书作为一种特殊的文本,既是重要的语言教学工具,也是英语语言知识的重要载体。20世纪初期,腐朽的清王朝在西方的枪炮下不堪一击,紧锁的国门被殖民者打开。由此,中国近代英语教育和英语课程逐渐走入历史的舞台,从而拉开了我国近代自编英语教科书的序幕。19世纪中叶出版的《英话注解》、19世纪末出版的《华英初阶》、《华英进阶》以及20世纪初出版的《帝国英文读本》作为当时最负盛名的英语教材,被深深地烙上了时代的印记,既反映了当时的社会背景,又对当时的社会与文化产生了深远的影响。

As one kind of special text, English textbooks not only form the important language teaching tool, but con- struct a critical carrier of knowledge. In the early of twentieth century, the corrupted Qing Dynasty was completely defeated by the western arms, which led China to the semi-feudal and semi-colonial country gradually. By this, the English educa- tion and curricula of modem times in China make their way for the historical stage, which kick off English textbooks of modem times in China. The Explanation of English published in the middle of 19th century, the series of English text- books English and Chinese Primer and English and Chinese Reader published at the end of 19th century, Empire English Readers published at the beginning of 20th century, which were regarded as the most famous textbooks that times, presented the historical marks. These English textbooks not only resulted from the special historical stage but reflected background of times, which affected the society and culture.