磷酸镧在聚丙烯中协效阻燃膨胀阻燃体系的研究

Study on the Synergistic Flame Retardation of Intumescent Flame Retardant PP with Lanthanum Phosphate

采用化学沉淀法合成磷酸镧粉体,通过垂直燃烧研究磷酸镧对膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)协效阻燃性能的影响,实验确定磷酸镧与IFR添加总量为25%阻燃效果最好。控制磷酸镧与IFR的添加总量(25%)不变,通过垂直燃烧、极限氧指数、成碳量和拉伸力学性能测试,研究添加磷酸镧量对阻燃体系性能的影响。实验结果表明,添加3%磷酸镧对IFR协效阻燃效果最好,不仅降低了IFR的添加量(由25%降低到22%),而且显著提高了材料的阻燃性能和力学性能,极限氧指数由原来的29提高到31,垂直燃烧等级达到了UL-94 V0级别,成碳量由原来的1.46%提高到7.1%,拉伸力学性能也得到显著提高。采用扫描电镜和热重分析,初步探讨了磷酸镧的协效阻燃机理。

Lanthanum phosphate was prepared by chemical precipitation. The effect of the lanthanum phosphate on the synergistic flame retardation of IFR/PP by vertical combustion was investigated. The most suitable additive amount of lantha- num phosphate and IFR had been determined to be 25wt. %. Vertical combustion, limiting oxygen index, the amount of char residue and the tensile mechanical performance measuring technologies are adopted to investigate the influence of increasing additive amount of lanthanum phosphate on flame retardancy performance. Experimental results showed that the most suitable additive amount of lanthanum phosphate had been determined to be 3.0wt. %. That can not only decrease the additive amount （ dropped from 25% to 22% ）, but also dramatically increase the flame retardancy and the tensile mechanical performance. The limiting oxygen index had been enhanced to 31 from previous 29, the vertical combustion grade reached to UL -94 V0, the amount of char residue had been enhanced to 7.1% from previous 1.46% and the tensile mechanical performance had also been increased. From the scanning electron microscope and thennogravimetrie analysis results, flame retardant mechanism of lanthanum phosphate material was preliminarily discussed.