杜拉斯文本中的“东方幽灵”

The Oriental Ghost in the Works of Marguerite Duras

杜拉斯作品弥漫着浓郁的东方情结,"东方"这个在其文本中几乎缺席的语汇却像一个无处不在、无时不在的幽灵盘桓不去。作为在法属殖民地印度支那出生并长大的法国人,杜拉斯文化身份的暧昧决定了她写作立场的暧昧。东方主义复杂矛盾的双重表现在于作者一方面逃避童年亲历的"东方事实",另一方面又通过回忆和想象重构了她所认识和理解的东方:"印度+支那(即中国)=印度支那",这也是西方人对东方固有的一种简单化的认知范式。本文将通过杜拉斯文本中对印度支那、印度和中国的描述和建构来揭示杜拉斯"东方立场"的历史性和复杂性。

Born and raised in the French colony Indochine,Duras once occupied an ambivalent position in the colonial hierarchy,which partly explains her ambiguity towards colonial ideology.Although the word ’Orient（s） ’ is almost absent in her texts,it haunts her literary world like an omnipresent ghost.Duras’ s Oriental Complex finds its expression in her continual fictionalization of the world she knew from childhood.Ironically, her construction of Indochine,a combination of India and China,satisfies the Western desire for an exotic Orient.This paper focuses on Duras’ s description and construction of Indochine,India and China with an aim to reveal the complexity of her obsession with the Orient.