食品供应链能源流投入产出理论及实证研究

An Advanced Input-Output Model for Energy Flows of Food Supply Chains of China

本文构造了我国食品供应链能源流投入产出模型并用于探析食品供应链能耗的关键环节。分析显示,食品制造与加工业对煤炭的完全能耗最大,为0.233,4,tce/万元;货运服务业对石油的完全能耗最大,为0.337,4,tce/万元;包装业对电力的完全消耗最大,为0.225,1,tce/万元。我国食品供应链能源消费量在2000—2007年间增长了6.8%,其中,使用技术设备的增加贡献了能源消费增长的一半,人均食品支出的增加和人口的增长也是推动食品供应链能源消耗增长的主要因素,它们各自大约占到能耗总增加量的四分之一。本文给出了食品供应链能源消耗控制的政策建议。

This paper builds up an advanced input-output model for energy flows of food supply chains based on China＇s 2000, 2002, 2005, and 2007 benchmark input output accounts and related energy data. The results show that the food manufacturing and processing sector has the highest coefficient of energy consumption of coal, 0.233 4tce / ten thousand yuan; freight services sector has the highest energy consumption coefficient of oil, 0.337tce/ten thousand yuan; The packaging industry has the highest energy consumption coefficient of electricity, 0.225 ltce / ten thousand yuan. Energy consumption of China＇s food supply chain increased by 6.8% between 2000--2007, among which technical equipments contributed half of the growth of energy consumption, and the increase in per capita food expenditure and population growth accounted for roughly a quarter of the total increase, respectively.