颗粒流法在车辆地面力学研究中的应用与探索

The Application and Exploration of the PFC in Studying Terranmechanics

研究车辆地面力学的主要方法和理论大致分为:纯经验法、模型试验法、半经验法和数值模拟法。数值模拟法中,可分为两类:连续机理方法和离散单元法。连续机理方法以弹塑性力学理论为基础,将离散物质近似地作为一个连续体介质进行处理,这种方法侧重整个物体的力学行为,而忽略了物体中单元个体性质,难以准确模拟土壤类离散物质复杂的动态行为。颗粒流法是通过离散单元法建立圆形颗粒物质数值模型的方法,在分析车辆地面力学时表现出了极大的优越性,将颗粒流法和地面力学相结合的前景十分宽广。

Nowadays, there are three main methods to study it： empirical method, modeling test method, semi-empirical method and numerical simulation method. The numerical simulation method can he classified into two catalogues： continuous mechanism method and discrete element method（DEM）. The continuous mechanism method bases on elastic-plastic theory, and it approximates the discrete material to continuous medium and analyzes it. This approach focuses on the mechanical behavior of the objects, while ignoring the individual nature of the objects in the unit, and it is difficult to simulate the complex dynamic behaviors of discrete material. Compared to continuous mechanism methods, PFC, with different research methods, establishes the discrete numerical model according to discrete round particles characteristics of the material itself, and has shown great superiority in the analysis of the discrete nature of the material. It will have a broad development prospects that combine PFC and Terranmechanis.