昆明市绿地绿量研究

Study on Vegetation Quantity of Greenbelt in Kunming City

在物种和群落调查基础上，测算了昆明市26种常见物种的叶面积指数、6种绿地层片及7种绿化类型的叶面积指数，并借助GIS技术，测算了昆明市一环内的总体绿量。研究结果表明：物种的叶面积指教不仅取决于物种间单叶面积的差异，还受物种生长状态（如枝叶密集程度、种植密度、树冠形状等）的影响．其中以绿篱结构生长的灌木物种，其叶面积指数相对较大，多在10以上；昆明市一环内的总绿量为2429．06hm^2,且不同绿化类型的绿量差异明显：乔-灌型和乔-灌-草型2种绿化类型的单位面积绿量相对较高，在8．4～8．6mZ／m^2。而乔木型和草本型等单层绿化结构的单位面积绿量相对较小，多在4．6—5．0m^2／m^2，前者绿量为乔木型或草本型单层结构的1．7～1．8倍；保证最大化绿地面积是提高城市绿量的基础。但在同等面积下．尽量选择叶面积指数较高的树种，优化绿地结构层次是提高城市总体绿量的关键．但必须综合考虑不同性质绿地的主要功能。

Based on investigation of 26 plants and their communities, the leaf area index of 26 ornamental plants, 6 kinds of synusia structure and 7 greenbelt types in Kunming City were studied. Then green quantity of the region of the first ring road in Kunming City was estimated with help of GIS. The results showed that different species of ornamental plants in this area had a great difference in their single leaf area and Leaf Area Index （LAI）, and the LAI was not only depended on single leaf area ,but also governed by leaves and the planting density of plants ,the intensive degree of branches ,the shape of tree crown together. It＇s found that the shrubs whit hedge structure had most LAI （more than 10 ）in all plants.The total green quantity was 2 429.06 hm^2, and the green quantity of different types of green space had significant differences. The arbor-shrub and arbor-shrub-herb communities were of greatest green quantity in 7 types of green space ,the range of their LAI was from 8.4 to 8.6 m^2/m^2,and which was 1.7 or 1.8 times of arbor or herb community （4.6-5.0 m^2/m^2）.Ensuring the maximum green area was the base for improving green quantity of city.Ornamental plant species with high LAI should be selected when the area was same ,and community structure should be improved to have a higher vegetation quantity in urban area, meanwhile, main functions of green spaces shall be considered comprehensively.