论汉哀帝罢乐府的原因

On the Reasons of Emperor Han Ai Deposed Yuefu

汉哀帝之所以罢黜乐府,其主要原因有三:其一,纠正世俗奢靡之风。汉武帝时的乐府主要任务之一就是为了满足帝王娱乐的需要,乐府管理者们大量采集民间乐歌,不断创制俗乐新曲,经武帝、昭帝和宣帝三代,使汉代俗乐盛极一时,从而也在上流社会形成了一种雅好俗乐、沉溺声色的奢靡之风,从而对人们的生活追求和价值取向带来极大的负面影响。其二,兴雅乐、强王权。西汉在汉武帝时期达到鼎盛,昭、宣两朝承武帝朝余续,实力仍然较为强大,然至汉成帝时,"禄去王室,权柄外移",帝王威仪、皇室权力受到了前所未有的挑战,而罢乐府正是为了恢复雅乐的地位、强化皇权的重要举措之一。其三,振兴经济的需要。哀帝时民力屈而财力竭,罢乐府一方面是节省不必要的开支,另一方面是抑制社会奢华之风,使民归于农。

There were three main reasons of Emperor Han Ai deposed Yuefu. First, checked unhealthy extravagance. When the emper- or Han wu, One main task of Yuefu songs was to meet the needs of the emperor entertainment. The managers of Yuefu songs collected a lot of folk songs and created new songs and music Constantly. Folk songs prevailed in Han Dynasty by three generations of Emperor Han Wu, Emperor Han zhao and Emperor Han Xuan. as a result unhealthy extravagance formed in polite society,thereby it had great negative impact ahout pursuit of life and value orientation. Second, carried out the elegant music and reinforced kingship, the Western Han Dynasty was at its zenith in the reign of Hart Wudi. The Strength was still relatively strong in the reign of Han Zhaodi and Han xuandi. But the Power weakened in the reign of Han chengdi. Imperial dignity and royal right were suffering the unprecedented chal- lenge. So deposing Yuefu in order to recuperate the elegant music and reinforce kingship. Three, the needs of revitalizing the econo- my. The life of common people was in trouble and the country~ financial was short in the reign of Han Aidi. On the one hand was to save unnecessary expenses, On the other hand was to keep the social unhealthy extravagance and make people to farm the soil by depo- sing Yuefu.