乳腺癌患者中乳腺球蛋白的表达及其临床意义

Mammaglobin expression and its clinical significance in breast cancer patients

目的探讨乳腺球蛋白在乳腺癌患者的体内不同部位的表达情况及其对检测微小转移的临床意义。方法在本院普外科进行治疗的乳腺癌患者中选择29例,同时在乳腺良性增生的患者中选择29例进行研究,患者基本临床资料均相匹配。29例乳腺癌患者为观察组,29例良性乳腺增生患者为对照组,58例乳腺疾病患者术后的离体标本均保留在-70℃的环境下,以保证标本的有效性。乳腺癌患者在离肿瘤最近处进行皮肤组织取材,乳头乳晕复合体则经正中切面取材,取29例离体癌组织标本;良性乳腺增生的患者只在相同的位置进行皮肤取材即可同时取29例离体增生组织标本进行研究。本次试验采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应技术来检测并比较两组患者相应组织中乳腺球蛋白的表达情况。结果观察组29例乳腺癌组织中乳腺球蛋白表达均为阳性;乳头乳晕复合体中阳性率为17.2%,皮肤组织阳性率为10.3%。对照组在增生的良性组织中及正常皮肤中乳腺球蛋白均为阴性。皮肤阳性率与皮肤橘皮样变及酒窝症等改变的程度有关;乳头乳晕复合体的阳性率与肿瘤的位置有关。结论乳腺球蛋白的阳性提示着者癌变微转移的出现,同时研究表明乳腺癌累及皮肤组织和乳头的机会比较小,在临床手术中可以考虑为患者实行皮肤及乳头保留性的乳腺癌根治术以减轻患者的痛苦,缓解患者的心理压力。

Objective To discuss vivo expression of mammaglobin in different sites of breast cancer patients and to explore its clinical significance of micrometastases detection. Methods Twenty-nine patients with breast cancer and 29 patients with benign breast hyperplasia with basic clinical data matched with patients before treated in general surgery department in our hospital were chosen as observation group and control group. In vitro specimens of these 58 patients with breast disease were retained in the -70 ℃ environment in order to ensure the validity of the specimens. 29 cases of isolated cancer tissue specimens from breast cancer patients were drawn in the skin tissue from the nearest of the tumor while specimens of the nipple-areola complex were drawn through the middle of the section; 29 cases of benign breast hyperplasia specimens were drawn from the same location of the skin and from the hyperplasia tissue for in vitro study. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technology was used to detect the expression of mammaglobin of the two groups and to make comparisons. Results The observation group： mammaglobin expression was positive for all 29 cases of breast cancer; the positive rate of mammaglobin expression was 17.2% in nipple-areola complex and 10.3% in skin tissue. Control group： mammaglobin expression was negative in all proliferative benign tissue and normal skin. The positive rate of mammaglobin expression in skin was related with the degree of orange peel-like skin change and dimples sign and the positive rate of mammaglobin expression in nipple areola complex was related with location of the tumor. Conclusion Mammaglobin positive indicates micrometastases of the cancer appear. While studies have shown the breast cancer had little chances of affecting use radical mastcctomy with skin and nipple retention surgery skin tissue and nipple, clinically we should consider to in order to reduce the pain of the patients and relieve their mental stress.