0～2岁儿童二类疫苗接种率分析

The analyses of class Ⅱ vaccination inoculation rates for 0～2 year olds

目的探讨影响儿童二类疫苗接种的因素,为制订有效的干预措施提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,调查本院儿保中心管理的287名儿童二类疫苗的接种状况,了解样本的家庭背景及家庭经济状况,分析影响二类疫苗接种率的因素。结果本院儿保中心二类疫苗接种率分别是:进口乙肝12.2%,吸附无细胞百白破灭活脊髓灰质炎和b型流感嗜血杆菌(结合)联合疫苗(潘太欣)1.7%,脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(爱宝维)4.2%,b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗(HIB)69.7%,7价肺炎26.5%,水痘26.8%,甲肝7.0%,轮状病毒疫苗28.6%,罗益AC 0.3%。统计分析结果表明:家长认为没有必要接种二类疫苗和不了解二类疫苗情况是影响二类疫苗接种的主要影响因素,家庭经济状况及别人是否接种有一定的影响,疫苗接种效果、不良反应及小儿因患病未接种不是影响接种率的主要因素。结论二类疫苗普遍接种率低,影响因素多,应采取针对性的干预措施改善其免疫状况。

Objective To investigate the factors influencing class Ⅱ vaccine inoculation of children in our hospital, and to provide bases for taking effective intervening measures. Method The author, by random sampling, has inves-tigated 287 children＇ s inoculation of class Ⅱ vaccine in our hospital, including their family background and finan-cial state, and subsequently, has analyzed the factors influencing class Ⅱ vaccine inoculation rate. Result The rate of imported Hepatitis B vaccine is 12.2% , Pentaxim 1.7% , Imovax polio 4.2% , HIB 69.7%, 7-Valent pneumo-eoccal conjugate vaccine 26.5% , Varieella 26.8% , Hepatitis A 7.0% , Rotavirus vaccine 28.6% , and Group A, C meningoeoccal conjugate vaccine 0.3%. Parents, however, consider it is unnecessary to inoculate the class Ⅱ vaccine. This is the main factor influencing the inoculation rate. Financial state and others＇ inoculation have an in- fluence upon the rate too. The effects of vaccine, side effects, and infection are not among the main factors. Con-clusion For complex reasons, the inoculation rate of class 1I vaccine remains low, and therefore, it is necessary to improve the situation by taking useful intervening measures.