城市发展的生态环境平衡之路——生态环境外部性研究

The Balance of Ecological Environment with regard to Urban Development——Study on Ecological Environmental Externalities

城市的生态环境是一种公共物品,具有"不可分割性"和"非竞争性"两个特征,公共品的本质形成了生态环境的外部性。影响城市生态环境平衡的主要是负外部性。城市生态环境外部性现象:产业集群的拥挤和污染、城市用地过度开发、城市用水环境治理。平衡策略:设立产业集群地的基础门槛;建立城市用地外部性测算体系;调整城市用水环境的利益平衡机制。

Urban environment is a kind of public goods, which has the characteristic of indivisibility and non-rivalness. The essence of public goods has formed the externalities of ecological environment. And negative externality affects the balance of urban ecological environment. This paper analyses the externality such as the congestion and pollution of industrial cluster, overdevelopment of urban land, urban water environment governance. On this basis, this paper offers the balanced strategies： setting up the based threshold for industry cluster, establishing the computational system of externality for urban land use; and the balance of interest mechanism of adjusting the urban water environment.