多发性骨髓瘤干细胞的来源及分化

Source and differentiation of multiple myeloma stem cells

背景:多发性骨髓瘤干细胞可能源于正常干细胞的积累突变和通过基因突变重新获得自我更新能力的祖细胞或已经完全分化的成熟细胞,其特异标志物正处于研究阶段。目的:概述多发性骨髓瘤干细胞的来源、生物学特性以及研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索1998年1月至2012年5月万方数据库相关文章,检索词"多发性骨髓瘤干细胞",并限定文章语言种类为中文。同时计算机检索1998年1月至2012年5月PubMed数据库相关文章,检索词"stem cells,multiple myeloma,tumors",并限定文章语言种类为English。共检索到文献251篇,最终纳入符合标准的文献31篇。结果与结论:多发性骨髓瘤干细胞可能来源于记忆B细胞,具有自我更新和分化潜能,CD19和CD20是目前应用得最多的多发性骨髓瘤干细胞表面标记物,多发性骨髓瘤干细胞的研究对阐明多发性骨髓瘤发生机制、生物学行为及临床治疗、预后判断都具有重要意义。

BACKGROUND： Multiple myeloma stem cells are likely from normal stem cells subjected to mutation, progenitor cells which regain self-renewal potential via gene mutation or the matured cells that have been completely differentiated. The specific marker of multiple myeloma stem cells are still in the research. OBJECTIVE： To review the source, biological characteristics and research progress of multiple myelomastem cells. METHODS： A computer-based online retrieval was performed to search papers regarding multiple myeloma stem cells published between January 1998 and May 2015 in Wanfang database using the Chinese key words＂multiple myeloma stem cells＂. Related articles were also retrieved in PubMed published between January 1998 and May 2012 using the English key words＂stem cells, multiple myeloma, tumor＂. Totally 251 articles were retrieved, and 31 of them were suitable for final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Multiple myeloma stem cells may originate from memory B cells which have the character of self-renewal and differentiation potency. CD19 and CD20 are the surface biomarkers of multiple myeloma stem cells that have been widely used. Study of multiple myeloma stem cells is helpful to clarify the growth mechanism, biological characteristics, clinical treatment and prognosis of multiple myeloma.