物化意识的生成、表征及其超越——论卢卡奇意识形态批判的逻辑

On the Generation,Characterization and Transcendence of Materialized Consciousness — A Study of the Logic of Lukacs' Ideological Criticism

在《历史与阶级意识》中,物化意识是整个发达商品生产条件下人的物化过程中的重要一环,它是指人自觉地或非批判地与外在的物化现象和物化结构认同的意识状态,对这一物化意识的批判构成了卢卡奇资本主义批判的意识形态批判维度。物化意识的生成是"物化社会结构"对人的意识的浸入,它主要表征为"虚假意识"的困境的形成,而对物化意识的超越则有赖于无产阶级通过"总体性"的方法而形成的对自身阶级意识的自觉,这就构成了卢卡奇对资本主义意识形态批判的逻辑,这一逻辑也被后来的西方马克思主义者所呈扬,成为西方马克思主义发展的内在逻辑之一。

In History and Class Consciousness, the materialized consciousness is an important link of materialized process under the condition of developed commodity production. It refers to the consciousness state of people who voluntarily or non- critically identify with the materialized phenomena and society. The criticism of such materialized consciousness constitutes the Lukcas~ ideological criticism against capitalism. And the generation of such consciousness is the invasion from the materialized society, which is mainly expressed as the formation of false consciousness. And the transcendence of such consciousness de- pends on the self-consciousness of proletariat through general method. This constitutes the Lukcacs~ logic of criticism against capitalism, which has been inherited by the Western Marxists and has become one of the internal logics of Western Marxism.