试析我国核电发展中的公众参与现状及其提升对策

A Study on Public Particapation in China Nuclear Power Development and its Countermeasures of Improvement

我国核电已经进入快速发展阶段,发展核电最终目的在于减缓能源危机,保证能源安全,实现经济持续发展。然而在核能发电给人类带来巨大利益的同时,核伦理问题成为公众关注的焦点。核电发展需要坚持决策参与、多方参与、信息公开和利益保障等伦理原则。由于我国核电发展相对较晚,公众参与途径尚未完善,因此,提升核电发展的公众认知度,保证核电规划的公共性和增强核电项目生命周期的公众参与程度是推动核电安全健康持续发展的必然要求。

The development of nuclear power aims to lower the energy crisis, ensure energy safety and keep economy developing. However, nuclear ethic problems become the focus of public attention while nuclear power brings more and more benefits. Based on review of research papers, public participation is necessary and important for the ethic development of nuclear power. With studying the cases, the paper puts forward the four ethic principles （decision-making participation; general participation, transparent information, rights and interests assurance） and three ethic problems（ public cognition of nuclear power development; publicity of nuclear power development, public participation in life cycle of nuclear power program ） for nuclear power healthy development in view of public participation.