蚯蚓处理农村家畜粪便及有机生活垃圾的试验研究

Study on Earthworm Treatment the Animal Manure and Organic Domestic Waste of Countryside

本研究以农村家畜粪便和有机生活垃圾为研究对象,设计了6个不同组合的农村有机废弃物作为基质混入土壤,同时引进日本"大平二号"赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)进行盆养试验。结果表明:蚯蚓对农村有机废弃物的减量效果为:3组>2组>1组>6组>5组>4组。蚯蚓分解处理未预处理有机生活垃圾的生物降解率最高,达到75.688%。蚯蚓的日增重倍数和日增值倍数在预处理的有机生活垃圾组合中最低,在未预处理的有机生活垃圾组合中最高,未预处理的有机生活垃圾组合中蚯蚓日增重倍数是0.139,日增值倍数0.177。不同基质的土壤中,有机碳、总氮、总磷、速效氮、速效磷增加,有机质、C/N比降低,未预处理的有机生活垃圾组合pH增加,其余各组合均有降低;本试验结束后各组合蚯蚓体内重金属Cu和Zn的含量超过其作为饲料的标准。

This experiment used six different combinations of the soil mixed with organic domestic garbage of countryside. This experiment used Eisenia foetida from Japan, we studied on the Eisenia foetida ability of decomposing different manures and the growth. The results were shown as follow： The reduction effect of Earthworms on organic domestic garbage of countryside was ： group3 〉 group2 〉 groupl 〉 group6 〉 group5 〉 group4. The effect of decomposing the organic domestic garbage with- out pretreatment ,whose degradation rate is the highest,reaching 75. 688% ,was better than the oth- ers in the same condition. Multiple of increasing weight and multiple of increasing increment were the lowest in organic domestic garbage by pretreatment, were the highest in organic domestic garbagewithout pretreatment that multiple of increasing weight is 0. 139, multiple of increasing increment is 0. 177. In the soil with the different Matrix, the content of total nitrogen, NH4 _ N ,NO3 _ N , total phos- phor, available phosphor became more ,while organic matter, and C/N decreased, pH in organic do- mestic garbage without pretreatment was increased, the remaining components were reduced, the con- tents of Cu and Zn in earthworms after decomposition treatment of all group exceed the national regu- lations as feed standards.