休谟与共和主义的现代转型

Hume and Modern Transformation of the Republicanism

在古典共和主义向现代共和主义的思想转型中,休谟所具有的重要贡献一直没有得到人们的重视。休谟认为古典共和主义思想虽然包含着一些非常有益的价值理念,但是也存在着诸如易于腐化、规模小、阶级压迫和派系纷争等弱点。为此,休谟对古典共和主义进行了创造性的转化,提出了一种新的制度设计方案,使得共和主义能够克服古典共和主义的局限,成为一种优于欧洲近代君主制的政治选择。休谟在西方共和主义思想的现代转型中有着别人无法替代的关键作用,他的思想通过麦迪逊对美国宪法的制定产生了重要影响。

In the transition of classical republicanism to the modern Republican ideology,Hume's important contribution has not been paid attention to.Hume believes that classical republican ideology contains some very useful value,but there are also weaknesses such as easy to corrupt,small-scale,class oppression and factional disputes.To this end,Hume made a creative transformation of classical republicanism,puts forward a new design plan of the system,which can overcome the limitations of classical republicanism of republicanism,become a better political choice of modern European monarchy.Hume had a key role that to others can't be replaced in the modern transformation of Western ideology of the Republican.His thought had produced important influence by Madison to the constitution of the United States.