太平洋大尺度环流数值模拟——Ⅲ:季节变化

Numerical Simulation of Large-Scale Circulation in the Pacific Ocean III: Seasonal Variations

本文在年平均环流数值模拟基础上,用季节变化的大气强迫场又积分了12年,并对由模拟得到的太平洋海面起伏、洋流、温度、海表热通量和上层热储存率等的季节变化特征作了较为详细的阐述和与已有观测结果进行了比较,事实证明,模式基本上模拟出了观测到的太平洋大尺度环流基本特征及其季节变化,证实基于理论考虑设计的IAP OGCM模式具有较好的性能和对实际环流的模拟能力,有些结果并优于国外一些具有同等分辨率的海洋模式。

Seasonal variation of the general circulation in the Pacific Ocean has been simulated on the basis of the annual mean simulations given in Part II of this study. All the simulated variables such as the simulated sea surface elevation, surface and subsurface layer currents, vertical velocity at the interface between the first two upper layers, and surface layer temperature exhibit reasonable periodical variations. The surface layer temperature is in good agreement with the available observational data. The warm water region in the western Pacific is in the subtropical area of the southern Pacific during winter time and shifts to the northern subtropical area in summer. The extension and contraction of the cold water tongue in the eastern equatorial Pacific are clearly related to the variability of the south- east trade wind. Besides, the sea surface heat flux and the heat storage rate of the Pacific as well as their seasonal cycles have also been computed and analysed.