输血和手术前患者血清5项感染性指标调查结果分析

Study of 5 types of markers of infection in sera from patients before transfusion or surgery

目的探讨5项感染性指标检测对手术前和输血前患者的重要意义。方法对医院2009～2011年12 893例拟输血及术前患者进行甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)抗体、乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体,抗人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体以及梅毒螺旋体(TP)抗体检测,并分析结果。结果 12 893例患者中5项感染性指标合计阳性1 518例,阳性率11.77%,其中HBsAg阳性1 270例(9.85%),抗-HAV阳性26例(0.20%),抗-HCV阳性59例(0.46%),梅毒阳性患者161例(1.25%),抗-HIV阳性2例(0.02%)。感染指标合计阳性率男、女性分别为13.61%和9.65%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.12,P<0.05)。各指标阳性率男性均高于女性。结论对患者进行输血和手术前感染性指标的检测,有利于患者的诊治及医务人员的保护,还可减少因输血而引起的医疗纠纷。

Objective To investigate the positivity for 5 types of markers of infection in patients before transfusion or surgery. Methods From 2009 2011, sera were collected from 12,893 patients. HBsAg, antibodies against HAV, an- tibodies against HCV, antibodies against HIV, and antibodies against TP were detected with ELISA. Results Of 12, 893 patients, 1,518 （11.7%） tested positive for 5 types of markers of infection. Of these, 1,270 were positive for HB- sAg （9.85%）, 26 were positive for antibodies against HAV （0. 20%）, 59 were positive for antibodies against HCV （0.46%）, 2 were positive for antibodies against HIV （0. 02%）, and 161 were positive for antibodies against TP （1.25 %）. Conclusion Detection of markers of infection in patients before transfusion or surgery facilitates diagnosis and treatment of patients, protection of medical staff, and effectively reduces medical disputes.