隧道中高速列车空气阻力的三维数值模拟

Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Drag on High-speed Train in Tunnel

为获得高速列车通过隧道时空气阻力变化规律,指导高速铁路纵断和列车头部的优化设计,采用三维粘性、不等熵、可压缩、非定常流的Navier-Stokes方程,用有限体积法进行区域离散,对高速列车通过隧道时的空气阻力进行了三维数值模拟。对计算结果中的空气阻力曲线进行了分析,将其中的空气阻力波动情况与列车的运行情况相结合,对此过程进行了详细的描述和解释。介绍了考虑隧道中列车空气阻力时高速铁路线路纵断面设计中最大坡度的折减方法。

The purpose of the paper is to derive variation law of aerodynamic drag introduced by high - speed train passing through a tunnel and to offer guidance for design of high - speed railway longitudinal section and high - speed train head shape. The paper presents a cell - centered finite volume scheme for numerical integration of Navier- Stokes equations for three -dimensional unsteady viscous compressible non -homentropic flow to simulate the aerodynamic drag introduced by high - speed train passing through a tunnel. The aerodynamic drag curve is analysed and explained in detail in accord with the train positions. The reducing method for the maximum slope in the design of high- speed railway longitudinal section is speed train passing through a tunnel is considered. expounded when aerodynamic drag introduced by high -