高速公路长隧道入口段驾驶人视觉特征变化

Variation of Drivers' Visual Features in Expressway Tunnel Entrance

为减少高速公路隧道入口交通事故,利用实际道路试验,研究驾驶人在隧道入口段的视觉特征.实验记录行车中驾驶人视觉特征参数,运用神经网络和回归方法,通过程序计算和统计分析实测数据,以及模拟视觉特征参数变化,建立驾驶人注视时间、注视次数、扫视幅度等变化的数学模型.结果表明:在接近隧道入口过程中,驾驶员注视时间逐渐增加,注视次数减少,眼动扫视幅度减小;在车辆由远处不断接近隧道入口过程中,驾驶人注视点逐渐由正前方向右侧过渡,出现右侧注视点增加的情况;在车辆进入隧道后,注视时间出现先减少后增加,注视次数增加,扫视幅度增加的规律.

In order to reduce traffic accidents at the entrance ment was carried out to rerearch the driver＇s visual f ters of drivers＇ visual features were recorded during neural network and statistical method. Based on sim eatures the dri ulateed of tunnel on expressway real road experi- in highway tunnel entrance. The parame- ving then the test datas were analyzed by datas the models about variation of visual feature parameters were established. The result showed that the fixation time increased as well as the number of fixations and saccade amplitude decreased with the gradually winding down to the tunnel entrance. At the beginning of the tunnel fixation time decreased first, then increases as well as the number of fixations and saccade amplitude increased. With the constant closed to the tunnel entrance, fixation directions transit from the front to the right side, and the number of right fixations increased.