从文学寻根到知识考古——论N级编码的文学史意义

From Root-Seeking Literature to Archaeology of Knowledge:A Discussion of the Meaning of the Encoding Theory in Literature History

N级编码理论将知识考古学和人类学的视野引入文学批评,不仅文学史获得了一个更宏大的背景,文学文本也成为潜意识与意识、历史与当下、神话与现实的交叉点,从而提供了更为丰富的阐释空间。N级编码是对文学史乃至文化史的一种新的解读视角,相对于以往启蒙立场上的寻根指向,打破了以往二元划分的条块和界限,从而勾勒出一幅更为完整的人类精神图景。经由这种视角,我们得以在更为广阔的背景之中审视文学乃至文化符号,这也正是文学人类学的最终目标所在。

The encoding theory in literary anthropology bringing visions of Archaeology of Knowl- edge and cultural anthropology into literature criticism enlarges the background of literature history and makes literary texts the intersection of the consciousness and subconsciousness,history and pres- ent, myth and reality,which thus provides literary criticism with more explanatory power. The encoding theory is a new perspective to interpret literature history and culture history and it sketches a more comprehensive picture about human spirit when compared with the root--seeking literature. Literature even cultural codes can be examined in a wider background from the perspective,which is also the ul- timate goal of the literary anthrooology.