集合法对绍兴站历史气候资料的均一性检验

The Homogeneity Detecting on Historical Meteordogical Data at Shaoxing Based on The Grouping Method

针对单站历史气候资料,提出了一种集合法均一性检测思路,以绍兴气象观测站为例,对1961-2010年的逐年平均气压、平均气温、极端最高气温、极端最低气温、降水量和日照总时数资料作均一性对比分析。对于得到的非均一性年份,结合台站历史沿革变化,得出这些因素对不同气候要素均一性的影响情况。结果表明,拔海高度和观测手段的变化,对气压资料的均一性造成明显影响;2007年1月1日的站址迁移致使年平均气温和年总日照时数的观测资料出现明显非均一;降水量、极端最高气温和极端最低气温资料相对是比较均一的;集合法较单一检测方法所得检测结果更加客观。

According to the historical meteordogical data at one station,a new thinking of the homogeneity detecting based on the grouping method has been proposed in this paper.Using the Shaoxing station as the example,the homogeneities on the annual mean air pressure,annual mean temperature,annual extreme maximum/minimum temperature,annual precipitation, and annual sunshine duration from 1961 to 2010 were analyzed.The inhomogeneity years obtained from the grouping method were analyzed and compared according to the metadata of Shaoxing station,including information of instrumentation changes, station relocation,observation method changes,and data processing procedure changes,etc..The result showed that,the change of the altitude and the observation methods could bring obvious influence to the homogeneity on the pressure data; meanwhile the station relocation on January 1st 2007 led to the obvious inhomogeneities on the observation data of annual mean temperature and annual sunshine duration;the annual precipitation and annual extreme maximum/minimum were relatively homogeneous.the detecting results based on the grouping method were more objective than that on the single detection method.