家庭关怀对急性心肌梗死恢复期患者护理干预效果的影响

Effect of family care on nursing intervention of patients with myocardial infarction in recovery period

目的探讨家庭关怀对急性心肌梗死恢复期患者护理干预效果的影响。方法选择首次发病急性心肌梗死患者66例，出院前采用家庭关怀度指数问卷（APGAR）、西雅图心绞痛调查量表（SAQ）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行调查，根据APGAR得分将APGAR≥7分者分为家庭关怀度好组35例，将APGAR〈7分者分为家庭关怀度差组31例，患者出院后均接受院外恢复早期护理干预，为期10～12周，12周后对两组再次进行SAQ、SDS的调查。比较两组患者护理干预前后SAQ及SDS评分。结果与出院时相比，出院12周时两组患者的SAQ得分均有提高，APGARI〉7分组的患者躯体活动受限程度、治疗满意程度、疾病认知程度分别为（66．00±3．65），（78．78±4．60），（65．25±5．55）分，均优于APGAR〈7分组患者的（63．10±3．69），（67．75±6．08），（59．94±5．88）分，差异均有统计学意义（t分别为4．244，9．166，5．838；P〈0．05）；出院时两组患者SDS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；出院12周APGARI〉7分组患者家庭关怀SDS评分为（0．39±0．04）分，低于APGAR〈7分组患者的（0．42±0．07）分，差异有统计学意义（t=-3．277，P〈0．01）。结论急性心肌梗死恢复期定期的护理干预有助于提高患者的生活质量。良好的家庭关怀可以进一步提高护理干预效果，并可以与护理干预有效结合从而改善患者的不良心理状态。

Objective To investigate the effect of family care on nursing intervention of patients with myocardial infarction in recovery period. Methods Totals of 66 patients who had their first acute myocardial infarction were chosen for this study. APGAR, SAQ and SDS were used to investigate before their discharge. According to their APGAR score, patients were divided into the better family care group （ Group A ） with 35 cases whose score was no less than 7 and the worse family care group （ Group B） with 31 cases whose score was less than 7. Both groups received nursing intervention for early recovery period after discharge for 10 to 12 weeks, and then SAQ and SDS were used again. Two groups＇ scores of SAQ and SDS before and after nursing intervention were compared. Results Compared with discharge, SAQ score of both groups 12 weeks later improved. The score of body activity limitation, satisfaction toward treatment and knowledge of disease was respectively （66. 0 ± 3.65 ）, （78.78 ± 4.60）, （ 65.25 ± 5.55 ） in Group A and （63.10 ± 3.69 ）, （ 67.75 ± 6.08 ）, （ 59.94 ± 5.88 ） in Group B, and the differences were statistically significant （ t = 4. 244,9. 166,5. 838 ; respectively ; P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no statistically significant difference of SDS score between two groups on discharge （P 〉0.05）. SDS score 12 weeks after discharge was （0.39 ±0.04） in Group A and （0.42 ±0.07） in Group B, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = - 3. 277, P 〈 O. 01 ）. Conclusions Nursing intervention for patients with myocardial infarction in recovery period can help improve their quality of life. Good family care can further enhance the effect the nursing intervention, and improve patients＇ adverse metal status combined with nursing intervention.