温泉型氟中毒改水降氟13年效果分析

Effect of altering water sources to lower fluoride level at hot spring fluorosis areas in Huitang town,Ningxiang county

目的 了解宁乡县灰汤镇 4个温泉型氟病区改水降氟 13年的防治效果。方法 采用横断面调查法。结果 8～ 12岁学生氟斑牙患病率降至 30 %以下 ,学生尿氟含量已下降到 1.0 4mg/ L,较改水前 1983年的调查结果有明显的下降 (χ2 =45 2 .1881,t=2 7.2 0 6 1,P <0 .0 1) ,氟斑牙指数由 3.2 4下降到 0 .5 2以下 ,其流行强度由较显著流行降为轻微流行或阴性流行。氟对牙齿损害程度减轻 ,可疑和极轻的患者占整个病例的 73.19%。居民饮用水氟含量为 0 .35 mg/ L ,低于国家饮水卫生标准 1.0 0 mg/ L ,直接饮用温泉水人群下降到 4.5 % ,明显低于改水前的 5 3.2 5 % (t=44 .0 6 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 该地区经过 10多年的改饮低氟水后 ,地方性氟中毒的防治取得了较明显的效果。

Objective To understand the preventive effect of altering water sources to lower fluoride level at four hot spring fluorosis areas in Huitang town.Method Cross-sectional study.Results Dental fluorosis prevalence rate of 8~12 years old students is dropped to less than 30%.Fluoride in urine is decreased to 1.04 mg/L,which is significantly lower than that of 1983 when water source was not altered (χ 2=452.1881,t= 27.2061 ,P<0.01).The index of dental fluorosis has dropped from 3.24 to 0.52 and the indensity of prevalence is turned from obvious to slight or negative.Fluoride in drinking water is 0.35 mg/L,which is lower than the standard ( 1.0 mg/L),and the inhabitant who drink the hot spring water directly is dropped from 53.25% to 4.5 %  (t=44.06,P<0.01). Conclusions The preventive effect of epidemic fluorosis is obvious after having drunk the lower fluoride water for 13 years.