运动负荷下去势雌性大鼠骨组织计量学和生物力学的改变

The changes of bone histomorphometry and biomechanics in ovariectomized rat under exercise load

目的 探讨运动对去势大鼠骨代谢和生物力学性能的影响。方法 将 4个月龄SD雌性大鼠 42只随机分成 7组 :正常组、模型组、运动组、服钙组、联合组、激素组和制动组。除正常组外 ,其余各组大鼠切除卵巢。检测各组大鼠骨密度 (BMD)、骨组织形态计量学和生物力学有关指标。结果 (1)BMD联合组 0 .30 6 g/cm2 ,运动组 0 .30 5 g/cm2 ,模型组 0 .2 75 g/cm2 ,制动组 0 .2 5 6 g/cm2 。 (2 )骨组织形态计量学指标 :骨小梁体积比 (TBV)正常组 36 .78% ,运动组 30 .33% ,联合组 31.85 % ,3组间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;骨吸收表面 (RS)模型组 2 .2 6 % ,制动组 2 .2 5 % ,两者较接近。 (3)生物力学指标 :载荷极限运动组 12 9.6N ,联合组 130 .6N ;强度极限运动组 16 9.5N/mm2 ,联合组 16 1.3N/mm2 ,均高于正常组。结论 运动可减缓去势大鼠骨量的丢失 ,有利于保持骨量 ,维持骨较好的生物力学性能。

Objective\ To study the influence of exercise on bone histomorphometry and biomechanics in ovariectomized rat. Methods\ Forty-two SD female rats with 4 months old were divided into 7 groups: (1) normal control(N); (2)osteoporosis model(OVX); (3)exercise(Ex); (4)calcium intake(Ca); (5) Ex+Ca; (6)extrogen(H) and (7)immobilization(I). The ovariotomy was performed in groups 2 to 7. Bone mineral density (BMD), histomorphometry and parameters of biomechanics were measured and analyzed. Results\ BMD in Ex+Ca group and Ex group was 0.306*!g/cm 2 and 0.305*!g/cm 2 respectively, which was significantly higher than in OVX group(0.275*!g/cm 2). BMD in I group was the lowest (0.256*!g/cm 2) . Trabecular bone volume in N group, Ex group and Ex+Ca group was 36.78 %, 30.33 % and 31.85 % without significant difference among them. Resorption surface in OVX group was 2.26 %, which was close to that in I group (2.25 %). Load fmax and maximal stress in Ex group and Ex+Ca group were 129.6 N 130.6 N, and 169.5 N/mm 2 161.3 N/mm 2 respectively, which was higher than in N group (121.8 N and 152.9 N/mm 2 respectively). Conclusion\ Exercise could slower the loss of bone, keep the bone mass and improve the biomechanics nature of bone in ovarietomized rats.\;