《瑞士民法典》之法官与法律的关系

The Relationship Between Judge and Law in the Swiss Civil Code(Art.1)

著名的《瑞士民法典》第1条规定了法官与法律之间的关系。它一方面明确法官受法律约束,另一方面又赋予了法官在法律解释和填补法律漏洞时较大的裁量空间,甚至明确要求法官要"像立法者那样"行为,表达了立法者对法官的极大信任。此外,它还要求法官考虑经过检验的学理和遵循以往判例,这也是《瑞士民法典》第1条的特色之一。

The famous Art.1 of the Swiss Civil Code specifies the relationship between the judge and the law.On the one hand it clarifies that the judge is bound by the law,on the other hand,it gives the judge a larger room for discretion in the legal interpretation and filling of legal loopholes.It even explicitly asks the judge to act ＂like a legislator＂,which expresses a huge trust in judges.In addition,it requires the judge to consider the proven theories and follow the past precedents,which is also a characteristic of Article 1 of the Swiss Civil Code.