20世纪设计风格流变的外部影响因素分析

External Influence Factors Analysis of Twentieth-Century Design Style Evolution

本文从设计本体以外的视角多维度地探讨20世纪设计风格的流变,通过从技术变革、审美心理、消费市场和国家政策层面分析设计异动的原因,解构与设计活动息息相关的四组矛盾因素,即手工生产与机器生产、装饰与去装饰、民族传统与现代国际化、大众市场与小众市场来理解这一时期的设计样貌。文章认为设计风格不是线性发展的,在看似常规的演变逻辑下是四组矛盾因素互相角力的结果。以往单纯的设计本体分析方法忽略了复杂多变的社会环境因素,给设计风格的解读带来浅层次标签化倾向,也容易产生各种误读现象。

The essay explores twentieth-century design style evolution from the perspective of external influence factors, through the technological changes, aesthetic psychology, the consumer market and national policy, it analyzes four groups contradictories closely related to design, namely manual production and machine production, decoration and no-decoration, traditional and modern international, mass market and niche market, to explain the reasons why design style changes. The essay thinks that the design style evolution is not linear. It＇s the result for four groups contradictories wrestle between each others. In the past, simple analysis method for the design style evolution brings shallow level reading and misreading phenomenons owing to ignore the complicated and changeable social environment factors.