miRNA与肿瘤的关系

miRNA and Cancer

近年来,癌症已经成为威胁人类生命健康的一个重要原因,每年全世界癌症死亡人数都在不断的增加,预计到2030年将超过1310万。随着外科技术的提高和个体化综合治疗的发展,肿瘤患者的生存期有了明显改善,但肿瘤的复发、转移、扩散仍是主要的致死原因。所以,进一步研究肿瘤的发病机制、寻找更加有效的治疗癌症的方法具有十分重要的意义。miRNA(MicroRNA)是近年来发现的一类小分子RNA,大小约22个核苷酸。通过与靶mRNA的3'端非翻译区(3'UTR)完全或不完全互补结合,发挥基因调控作用。越来越多的研究表明,miRNA具有癌基因或抑癌基因的作用,它参与调控细胞的生长、增殖、和凋亡,并且与许多肿瘤的发生、发展相关。研究miRNA与肿瘤的关系对于探索肿瘤的发生、发展及治疗有重要意义。

In recent years, cancer have become a serious threat to human life and health, cancer deaths worldwide are constantly increasing every year, and is expected to more than 13.1 million in 2030. With the development of surgical techniques and individualized treatment, the survival of cancer patients has been significantly improved, but The recurrence, metastasis and diffusion are still the main cause of death. So it is very important to find a more effective method of treating cancer by further studying the pathogenesis of tumors, miRNAs （MicroRNAs） are a class of small molecule RNA about the size of 22 nucleotides which were discovered in recent years, miRNAs regulate gene expression by binding with 3＇-untranslated region （3＇UTR） of target mRNA completely or not completely. More and more studies have shown that miRNAs work as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. It is involved in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and tumor occurrence, development. Studying the relationship between miRNA and tumor is very important for exploring the occurrence, develooment and treatment of tumor.