赣江下游平原圩区农村生活污染入河系数研究

LOSS RATES OF RURAL DOMESTIC POLLUTANTS IN THE DOWN-STREAM PLAIN POLDER AREA OF GANJIANG

以赣江下游平原圩区为研究对象,采用随机抽样的方式,进行农村生活污染入河过程问卷调查.调查区域包括赣江下游圩区内12个乡镇、42个行政村,共发放147份问卷.结果表明,赣江下游平原圩区水文过程特殊,农村生活污染并不能直接排入赣江干流水体,其对干流水体污染主要来自于圩区内电力排灌站的汛期排涝.对问卷进行统计分析,估算排入圩区内受纳水体的农村生活污染入河系数:CODCr为9.6%～11.9%,TN为14.1%～14.3%,TP为12.9%～13.7%.提出的入河系数估算方法客观反映了农村生活污染主要入河过程及其特征,降低了入河系数估算的不确定性.

Rural domestic pollution of water in the downstream plain polder area of Ganjiang river was surveyed by questionnaire, to estimate loss rate of pollutant entry into water bodies. A stochastic sampling method involving 42 villages from 12 townships in the polder area was used with 147 questionnaires returned. The hydraulic process was found to be complicated. Rural domestic pollutants did not enter main stream of Ganjiang River directly, but entered through drainage and irrigation stations. Statistical analysis of returned questionnaires revealed loss rate of pollutant as follows： CODcr 9.6 %-11.9 %, TN 14. 1 0%-14.3%, TP 12. 9%-13.7%. Loss rate estimation proposed in this study reflected actual processes and characteristics of pollutant loss from rural domestic pollution sources, with uncertainty of loss rate estimation decreased.