行为安全的理论实质与效果讨论

Discussions on Theoretical Understanding and Effects of Behavior Based Safety

学术界对行为安全(BBS)的理论实质、研究范围、研究内容和应用效果的看法很不一致,这在很大程度上限制了行为安全在我国的理论研究与实践应用。运用理论分析、文献引证方法,借助现代事故致因理论的行为安全模型,研究这些争议问题。结果表明:行为安全的理论实质是解决事故的直接原因、间接原因、根本原因、根源原因的一整套事故预防的理论与方法,其内容范围大体与整个安全学科的研究范围相同,涉及事故的统计分析;事故的直接、间接、根本、根源原因的解决及工程技术6个方面内容,分别处于组织层面和员工个人层面。引证美国、加拿大研究数据表明,应用行为安全方法能够大幅度降低企业事故率。

There has been argument about the theoretical essence, scope, content and effects of applications about BBS, which seriously hindered the scientific research and application of BBS in China and also in other countries. By means of theoretical analysis, literature review, and with the help of one of the modem accident causation models, behavior-based model, built by the authors, the argued issues about BBS were investigated, and it was concluded that behavioral safety is a whole set of theory and meth- odology for accident prevention, its scope of the content are proximately the same as safety science; the content of BBS involves accident statistic analysis and the resolutions of direct, indirect, radical and root causes of accidents that are in organizational and personal levels respectively. The case studies in Canada and the US have already proved that behavioral safety is a very effective strategy for accident prevention.