耐火材料及其在我国的发展综述

Study on refractory material and its development in China

耐火材料,根据国际标准是指在高温环境下其化学与物理性质稳定并能正常使用的非金属(并不排除含有一定比例的金属)材料与产品。耐火材料包括天然矿石以及按照一定的工业要求制造,具有一定的高温力学性能、良好的体积稳定性,并且是各种耐高温设备必需的材料。随着经济的发展,该类材料因具有一定的高温力学性能、良好的体积稳定性势必将成为各种高温设备的必需材料。但是我们必须认识到另一方面,耐火材料的生产及利用同时也给生态带来了破坏和影响。因此,提高后耐火材料的技术含量和附加性能、利用率并减少污染,强化我国耐火材料资源和产品生产的优势。本文对耐火材料的发展历史、成分及种类和未来发展方向进行了综合评述以探究该行业的重要意义。

According to international standard, refractory material is nonmetallic material （allowing the containment of metal within certain proportion） which is able to keep chemically and physically stable under the high temperature. Refractory material includes natural ore and other materials, which possess certain mechanical properties and bulk stability under high temperature according to some industrial requirement and are the necessary material of various thermal units. On the other hand, however, we should realize that refractory materials bring about damage and bad effect to our ecology when we produce and make use of them. Thus, promoting its producing technology and additional properties to enhance its utility and reduce its pollution will strengthen our advantage in producing and making better use of refractory materials. This article will focus on the development history, ingredients and classification of refractory materials, and provide the general summarize of refractory material, then explore the future development of this field.