隐喻——我们认知世界的工具

Metaphor——Our Tool to Recognize the World

主要围绕作为人类基本认知方式的隐喻展开论述。首先区分了常规隐喻、死隐喻和新隐喻,然后分别介绍了常规隐喻所包括的结构隐喻、方位隐喻和本体隐喻。分析了在概念隐喻中,到底有哪些概念或某个概念的哪些方面,可以作为源域的概念结构用来帮助人们构建和理解目标域结构。最后对"时间流经我们"这一概念的隐喻性表达进行了重新分析,说明了隐喻的连贯性和一致性的区别。

The Essay mainly focuses on metaphor--- human-being＇s basic cognitive way. It first distinguishes conventional metaphor, dead metaphor, and new metaphor, and then introduces structural metaphors, orientation metaphors, and ontological metaphors. It analyzes which concepts or which aspects of a certain concept can be conceptual structures in the source domain to help people to construct and understand the structures in the target domain. The paper finally reanalyzes the concept ＂time goes past us＂ and iUustrates the differences between coherence and consistency of the metaphor.