唐宋时期经典的通俗化与雕版印刷术——从媒保的角度看唐宋时期经典的通俗化

The Block Printing Popularized the Classics from Tang Dynasty to Song Dynasty

在唐代时,雕版印刷术主要被用来雕印佛教经像;后唐长兴三年开始用来雕印《九经》。在宋代,儒、释、道经典由于雕版印刷术的使用而获得了广泛的传播。南宋时由于诗文集、诗话、小说等文学作品的雕印,雕版印刷术促使俗文学经典的生成。雕版印刷术大量刊印教材,使得教育从唐代的贵族化向宋代的平民化转移,儒家经典得以更广泛地通俗化;雕版印刷术促成了文学审美从唐代的抒情性到宋代学识性的变迁;它也提高了理性的思辨,促使宋代理学的崛起,等等。雕版印刷术促进了经典的通俗化,而经典的通俗化也增强了雕版印刷业的繁荣。

In Tang Dynasty, the block printing was mainly used to print Buddhist scriptures and images. The Confucian classics were printed in 932. In Song Dynasty, all the religion classics were printed by the block printing. In South Song Dynasty, the textbooks and the popular books such as fictions and poems were also printed. The block printing facilitated the transformation from the lyric poetry to the scholarly poetry; it enhanced the logic thinking and helped the becoming of the Neo-Confucianism etc. The block printing popularized the classics and the latter flourished the former.