眼动技术在汉语阅读研究中的应用

The Application of Eye-tracking in the Study of Chinese Reading

阅读是一个动态的、复杂的认知过程。眼动技术能够实时采集读者在较为自然的阅读情境下对文本信息进行加工的眼动数据,为研究不同阅读过程中的心理认知机制提供客观依据。本文从介绍阅读眼动研究所关注的指标出发,综述众多学者从字、词、句、语篇层面,以及从不同文体层面开展汉语阅读眼动研究的历史与成果,并根据这一领域的研究现状和发展趋势提出:汉语阅读眼动研究应该采纳与其它脑成像技术相结合的研究范式,扩大汉语阅读眼动研究的实验群体,建立眼动分析动态指标的理论体系,以更深入地、有效地探讨语言形式与思维之间的关系问题。

Reading is a dynamic and complex cognitive process. Eye -tracking technology can provide researchers with the con- tinuous data about the on - line processing of written information, and help researchers investigate the cognitive mechanism involved in different reading processes under relatively natural conditions. Beginning with the introduction of some crucial eye - tracking indicators in reading research, this paper attempts to review the brief history and main achievements of eye - tracking studies on Chinese reading from the perspectives of characters, words, sentences, discourse and articles of different styles. Based on the current situation and developmental trends in this field, we suggest that eye -tracking study on Chinese reading should be integrated with the brain imaging technology and involve more different groups of people as its research subjects in order to build a theoretical system of dynamic eye - tracking analytical indicators and to profoundly explore the relationship between language and thinking.